Learn how to apologize
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Gabriella: Hello, and welcome back to TurkishClass101.com. This is Absolute Beginner season 1, lesson 14, Being Really Clumsy in Turkey. I’m Gabriella. |
| Feyza: Merhaba! And I’m Feyza! |
| Gabriella: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to apologize for something you drop and break. |
| Feyza: You'll also learn how to reply to an apology in a polite and comforting way. |
| Gabriella: So let’s get started! |
| Feyza: The setting for this conversation is Hakan’s kitchen. |
| Gabriella: And the conversation is between Hakan and Merve, who know each other. |
| Feyza: So they use informal language. |
| Gabriella: Ok, let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Hakan: (washing dishes) Merve, çok teşekkür ederim! |
| Merve: Bir şey değil. Аh! (sound of glass breaking) Özür dilerim! |
| Hakan: İyi misin? |
| Merve: Ben iyiyim ama bardağını kırdım... |
| Hakan: Canın sağolsun. Önemli değil. |
| Merve: Gerçekten çok özür dilerim. |
| Gabriella: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Hakan: (washing dishes) Merve, çok teşekkür ederim! |
| Merve: Bir şey değil. Аh! (sound of glass breaking) Özür dilerim! |
| Hakan: İyi misin? |
| Merve: Ben iyiyim ama bardağını kırdım... |
| Hakan: Canın sağolsun. Önemli değil. |
| Merve: Gerçekten çok özür dilerim. |
| Gabriella: Now, let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Hakan: (washing dishes) Merve, çok teşekkür ederim! |
| Hakan: (washing dishes) Merve, thank you very much! |
| Merve: Bir şey değil. Аh! (sound of glass breaking) Özür dilerim! |
| Merve: Not at all. Oh! (sound of glass breaking) I'm sorry! |
| Hakan: İyi misin? |
| Hakan: Are you okay? |
| Merve: Ben iyiyim ama bardağını kırdım... |
| Merve: I'm fine, but I broke your glass... |
| Hakan: Canın sağolsun. Önemli değil. |
| Hakan: May you be safe. It's no big deal. |
| Merve: Gerçekten çok özür dilerim. |
| Merve: I'm really very sorry. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Gabriella: Turkish has a considerable amount of loan words from French, Persian, and Arabic. |
| Feyza: Actually, we just saw one in our previous lesson. It was banyo, meaning "bathroom." Do you remember, listeners? |
| Gabriella: But in this lesson, we’ll focus on loanwords coming from French exclusively. Feyza, why does Turkish have many French words? |
| Feyza: Well, the French revolution and its informative ideas like freedom, liberty, and equality had some impact on the Ottoman Empire, as well as the language. |
| Gabriella: I’ve also heard of a group of rebellious intellectuals called the Young Turks in that era. Who were they exactly? |
| Feyza: The Young Turks were the members of a secularist reform party, who were handpicked by the Ottoman Court, and sent to France to pursue further studies. |
| Gabriella: So they came back with revolutionary ideas, right? |
| Feyza: Yes, they were politically very aggressive and highly intellectual. And as a service to the Ottoman nation, they translated many books of European literature. |
| Gabriella: So that’s how they introduced new vocabulary… And which century are we talking about? |
| Feyza: The late 19th! |
| Gabriella: Okay enough history! Let’s hear some of these words in practice! |
| Feyza: Abajur |
| Gabriella: "Lamp shade" |
| Feyza: Ambalaj |
| Gabriella: "Wrapping, package" |
| Feyza: Ampul |
| Gabriella: "Light bulb" |
| Feyza: Badana |
| Gabriella: "White wash" |
| Feyza: Garson |
| Gabriella: "Waiter" or "waitress" |
| Feyza: Kolye |
| Gabriella: "Necklace" |
| Feyza: Kuzen |
| Gabriella: "Cousin" |
| Feyza: Okul |
| Gabriella: "School" |
| Feyza: And there are many more! See the table in the cultural insight section of the lesson notes for more. |
| Gabriella: Excellent! |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Gabriella: The first word we shall see is... |
| Feyza: özür [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: apology |
| Feyza: özür [slowly - broken down by syllable] özür [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: Next |
| Feyza: dilemek [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: to wish for |
| Feyza: dilemek [slowly - broken down by syllable] dilemek [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: Next |
| Feyza: bardak [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: glass |
| Feyza: bardak [slowly - broken down by syllable] bardak [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: Next |
| Feyza: kırmak [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: to break |
| Feyza: kırmak [slowly - broken down by syllable] kırmak [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: Next |
| Feyza: canı sağolmak [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: May you be safe and sound. |
| Feyza: canı sağolmak [slowly - broken down by syllable] canı sağolmak [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: Next |
| Feyza: önemli [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: important, essential |
| Feyza: önemli [slowly - broken down by syllable] önemli [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: Next |
| Feyza: değil [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: not, isn’t |
| Feyza: değil [slowly - broken down by syllable] değil [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: Next |
| Feyza: gerçekten [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: really, honestly |
| Feyza: gerçekten [slowly - broken down by syllable] gerçekten [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Gabriella: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. Our first word is… |
| Feyza: kırmak. The stem of the verb is kır, and mak is the infinitive suffix. |
| Gabriella: This verb means "to break," "to hurt," or "to offend." Let’s focus on the most basic meaning which is "to break,". What’s an example? |
| Feyza: Vazoyu kırdım. |
| Gabriella: "I broke the vase." |
| Feyza: In addition to this meaning, kırmak is used for "to break someone’s heart." |
| Gabriella: Oh, just like in English. Can you give an example, Feyza? |
| Feyza: For instance, there is an idiomatic expression, "kalp kırmak." |
| Gabriella: Meaning, "to break someone’s heart." However, our listeners should keep in mind that "break up" doesn’t work with this verb, right Feyza? |
| Feyza: Correct. We use ayrılmak, literally meaning "to separate" with romantic break-ups. |
| Gabriella: Then, how do you say "I broke up with my boyfriend" in Turkish? |
| Feyza: Erkek arkadaşımdan ayrıldım. |
| Gabriella: (laughs) Let’s hope that’s not true though! Let’s move on to the second word. |
| Feyza: bardak |
| Gabriella: Meaning, "glass." By the way, Feyza, I love drinking Turkish tea from those special glasses. What are they called in Turkish? |
| Feyza: İnce belli çay bardağı. They are pretty famous for their hourglass figure. |
| Gabriella: We recommend our listeners check the lesson notes for more cultural insights on drinking and serving Turkish tea. Meanwhile, let’s hear our final word. |
| Feyza: Canı sağolmak or Canın sağolsun in second person singular. |
| Gabriella: This idiomatic phrase is used when people want to offer their comfort in times of sadness or regret about something they just did. This is used especially when you lose something of great value like a large amount of money in cash, a credit card, cell phone, computer, or necklace, for example. It's also used when you accidentally break something that doesn’t belong to you. Feyza, what does it mean literally? |
| Feyza: "May your soul be safe and sound." It indicates that the thing you're upset about is of very minor importance. |
| Gabriella: That’s a nice meaning! Let’s illustrate its usage with a dialogue. |
| Feyza: Person A says, Eyvah! Bana hediye ettiğin kolyeyi kaybettim. |
| Gabriella: "Oh no, I lost the necklace you’ve given me as a present." |
| Feyza: Person B replies in a comforting manner, Canın sağolsun, yenisini alırım. |
| Gabriella: "May you be safe and sound. I’ll buy a new one." Okay, now onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Gabriella: In this lesson, you’ll learn about possessive constructions in Turkish. |
| Feyza: We introduced possessive suffixes in lesson 7. |
| Gabriella: Yes, so we already know the possessive construction for first person singular. |
| Feyza: Now we’ll concentrate on the possessive form constructed according to different personal pronouns. |
| Gabriella: It’s better for our listeners to follow us with the lesson notes open. We’ll tell you the personal pronoun and the related suffixes in order. Let’s begin! |
| Feyza: for benim, use im, ım, um, or üm depending on the vowel harmony rules |
| Gabriella: "mine, my" |
| Feyza: for senin, use in, ın, un, or ün |
| Gabriella: "your, yours" |
| Feyza: for onun, use sı, si, su, or sü |
| Gabriella: "his, her or its" |
| Feyza: for bizim, use imiz, ımız, umuz, or ümüz |
| Gabriella: "our, ours" |
| Feyza: For sizin, use iniz, ınız, unuz, or ünüz |
| Gabriella: "your, yours" |
| Feyza: For onların, use ıları, ileri, uları, or üleri |
| Gabriella: "their, theirs" Now let’s mention another important rule. When the word the possessive suffix is attached to ends in a vowel, the vowel at the beginning of the suffix should be left out. Let’s give an example! |
| Feyza: Senin silgin |
| Gabriella: "Your eraser" |
| Feyza: Here silgi already ends with the vowel i. So the initial i in the suffix isn't needed. |
| Gabriella: I assume this shows one of the very basic and essential grammar rules in Turkish right? |
| Feyza: Yes. The consonant and vowel letters must follow one another. |
| Gabriella: For example, two vowels that exist in sequence show that the word is of non-Turkish origin. |
| Feyza: That’s correct Gabriella. |
| Gabriella: Okay. Now let’s see an example. |
| Feyza: Benim bilgisayarım |
| Gabriella: Meaning, "my computer." |
| Feyza: Keep in mind that, in general, using just the possessive ending on the noun is enough to indicate the personal pronoun. |
| Gabriella: Let’s see the same example according to that. |
| Feyza: Bilgisayarım. |
| Gabriella: Meaning, "my computer" |
| Feyza: Here, the final -ım suffix shows that I, myself have possession of the computer. |
Outro |
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| Gabriella: Actually it’s quite practical! Okay listeners, that’s all for this lesson. |
| Feyza: Thanks for joining us, and we’ll see you in the next lesson! |
| Gabriella: Goodbye! |
| Feyza: Hoşçakalın! |
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