Learn how to describe the weather using adjectives
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Gabriella: Hello, and welcome back to TurkishClass101.com. This is Absolute Beginner season 1, lesson 15 - A Long, Hot Turkish Summer. I’m Gabriella. |
| Feyza: Merhaba. And I’m Feyza! |
| Gabriella: In this lesson, you'll learn how to describe the weather using adjectives. |
| Feyza: It’ll be fun, and very useful! |
| Gabriella: The conversation takes place on the street during summer in Turkey. |
| Feyza: And it’s between Merve and Hakan. |
| Gabriella: They are close friends, so they use informal language. Ok, let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Merve: Günaydın! Of, çok sıcak. Каliforniya'da yazlar çok sıcak değil mi? |
| Hakan: Evet, Türkiye'de de yazlar sıcak mı? |
| Merve: Evet.Türkiye'nin genelinde yazlar sıcak ve kurudur. |
| Hakan: Tipik Akdeniz iklimi... |
| Gabriella: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Merve: Günaydın! Of, çok sıcak. Каliforniya'da yazlar çok sıcak değil mi? |
| Hakan: Evet, Türkiye'de de yazlar sıcak mı? |
| Merve: Evet.Türkiye'nin genelinde yazlar sıcak ve kurudur. |
| Hakan: Tipik Akdeniz iklimi... |
| Gabriella: Now, let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Merve: Günaydın! Of, çok sıcak. Каliforniya'da yazlar çok sıcak değil mi? |
| Merve: Good morning! Humph, it's so hot! Summers in California are really hot, aren't they? |
| Hakan: Evet, Türkiye'de de yazlar sıcak mı? |
| Hakan: Yes. Are summers in Turkey hot too? |
| Merve: Evet.Türkiye'nin genelinde yazlar sıcak ve kurudur. |
| Merve: Yes. Summers are hot and dry in the majority of Turkey. |
| Hakan: Tipik Akdeniz iklimi... |
| Hakan: Typical Mediterranean climate… |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Gabriella: Feyza, Turkish people enjoy the beauty of four seasons right? |
| Feyza: Yes! Lucky us (laughs) |
| Gabriella: Let’s talk a little about the weather in each season. How are summers, for example? |
| Feyza: Hot and dry. |
| Gabriella: And winters? |
| Feyza: Cold with long nights, and the daytime is usually foggy or cloudy. It's mostly rainy and sometimes there's snow, depending on the region. |
| Gabriella: I'm curious about spring. |
| Feyza: Mild and sunny. Totally enjoyable. |
| Gabriella: And autumn is cool and rainy I suppose? |
| Feyza: Yes, and sometimes we have crisp, but cool autumn days. I call those days perfect weather for sightseeing. |
| Gabriella: I’ll keep that in mind. So what type of climate zone is Turkey in? |
| Feyza: Continental. Apart from that, every region has its own climate and sometimes sub-zones. |
| Gabriella: We’re familiar with the Black Sea Region from our previous lessons. Let’s hear about the climate in that region. |
| Feyza: A mild oceanic climate dominates the Black Sea region all throughout the year. |
| Gabriella: There's a lot of rain, I suppose. |
| Feyza: There is. Don’t forget the cold and rainy winters and warm and rainy summers. |
| Gabriella: Feyza, when do you suggest our listeners visit Turkey? |
| Feyza: Generally speaking, late spring and early autumn - around September to mid October - should be fine. |
| Gabriella: I bet our listeners are looking forward to it. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Gabriella: The first word we shall see is... |
| Feyza: günaydın [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: good morning |
| Feyza: günaydın [slowly - broken down by syllable] günaydın [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: Next |
| Feyza: of! [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: humph!, phew! |
| Feyza: of! [slowly - broken down by syllable] of! [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: Next |
| Feyza: sıcak [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: hot |
| Feyza: sıcak [slowly - broken down by syllable] sıcak [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: Next |
| Feyza: yaz [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: summer |
| Feyza: yaz [slowly - broken down by syllable] yaz [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: Next |
| Feyza: genel [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: general |
| Feyza: genel [slowly - broken down by syllable] genel [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: Next |
| Feyza: kuru [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: dry |
| Feyza: kuru [slowly - broken down by syllable] kuru [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: Next |
| Feyza: Akdeniz [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: Mediterranean |
| Feyza: Akdeniz [slowly - broken down by syllable] Akdeniz [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: Next |
| Feyza: iklim [natural native speed] |
| Gabriella: climate |
| Feyza: iklim [slowly - broken down by syllable] iklim [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Gabriella: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. I think our first word is an exclamation! Let’s hear it from Feyza! |
| Feyza: offff |
| Gabriella: Meaning, "humph." What does this exclamation show? |
| Feyza: Boredom, agitation, pain or fatigue. |
| Gabriella: Hmm, a short sound with many meanings. |
| Feyza: Indeed! For example, you’ll hear many Turkish people say, Off ne sıkıcı. |
| Gabriella: Meaning, "Humph, so boring!" What other contexts can we use this word in? |
| Feyza: Off off! Hiç büyümeyeceksin! |
| Gabriella: Meaning, "Honestly, you’ll never grow up!" |
| Feyza: Here, this double expression means the person speaking is in awe or bewildered, for example about somebody’s inappropriate behavior. |
| Gabriella: I heard some Turkish people use this exclamation when they are amazed or astonished. Can you give an example in this context as well? |
| Feyza: Sure! Of ne güzel! |
| Gabriella: "Wow, how beautiful!" Okay, let’s move on to our second word. |
| Feyza: Akdeniz |
| Gabriella: "Mediterranean" |
| Feyza: This is a compound word composed of ak, meaning... |
| Gabriella: "white, clear" |
| Feyza: and deniz... |
| Gabriella: meaning "sea." Feyza, we know that the Mediterranean region is located in the southern part of Turkey because it borders the Mediterranean sea. So what's the most famous city in that region? |
| Feyza: Antalya, because it's a tourist hotspot. |
| Gabriella: Listeners, Antalya was a cradle for many civilizations. It has ancient Greek ruins, waterfalls, and beautiful sandy beaches. Now on to our final word. |
| Feyza: It’s İklim |
| Gabriella: It means "climate" in Turkish, and it's a loanword from Arabic. Let’s hear some contemporary terminology related to climate. |
| Feyza: İklim değişikliği |
| Gabriella: "Climate change" |
| Feyza: Küresel ısınma or Global ısınma |
| Gabriella: "Global warming" |
| Feyza: Sera etkisi |
| Gabriella: "Greenhouse effect." Okay, now onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Gabriella: In this lesson, you’ll learn the locative case. |
| Feyza: İsmin -de hali. |
| Gabriella: And it’s only one of the five Turkish noun cases. Let’s hear the others from Feyza. |
| Feyza: İsmin i hali |
| Gabriella: "Accusative case" |
| Feyza: İsmin e hali |
| Gabriella: "Dative case" |
| Feyza: İsmin den hali |
| Gabriella: "Ablative case" |
| Feyza: İsmin yalın hali |
| Gabriella: "Nominative case." |
| Feyza: Yay, we're done. Now let’s concentrate on ismin de hali. |
| Gabriella: The "locative case." |
| Feyza: Think about prepositions such as "in," "at," and "on" in English. |
| Gabriella: They help us identify the direction and the orientation of the verbs and other components in a sentence. |
| Feyza: Yes, instead of these prepositions, Turkish uses locative suffixes attached to the words. |
| Gabriella: Oh, now I understand what you mean when you say Turkish uses an extensive amount of suffixes. |
| Feyza: (laughs) It’s just the beginning! |
| Gabriella: So what kind of direction does the locative case signify? |
| Feyza: It shows a static position. |
| Gabriella: That sounds a little abstract, so let’s illustrate with an example or two. |
| Feyza: Sure thing...Ankara’da |
| Gabriella: "In Ankara" |
| Feyza: Evde |
| Gabriella: "At home." So what are the suffixes for the locative form? |
| Feyza: -da and -de. |
| Gabriella Now, remember our previous lessons for consonant harmony rules, listeners. |
| Feyza: The consonant d hardens and changes into t if the last letter of the word is one of the strong consonants. |
| Gabriella: Feyza, let’s review them one more time. |
| Feyza: Sure! The strong consonants are p, ç, t, k, s, h, ş, and f |
| Gabriella: So if the last vowel of the word is a back vowel... |
| Feyza: Like a, ı, o, or u; then we use the suffix -da. |
| Gabriella: When the last vowel of the word is a front vowel... |
| Feyza: For instance, e, i, ö, or ü; then we use the suffix -de. |
| Gabriella: So all in all, how many different versions have we got? |
| Feyza: Four. De, da, te, and ta. |
| Gabriella: As you can see, they change according to consonant mutation and vowel harmony rules. Okay, let’s give an example. |
| Feyza: Ağaç |
| Gabriella: "tree" |
| Feyza: This word ends with ç, which is one of the strong consonants we named just a second ago. It makes d becomes the hard consonant t. |
| Gabriella: Okay. So what is the locative version for this noun? |
| Feyza: Ağaçta. |
| Gabriella: Our listeners should keep in mind that there are exceptions, especially with loanwords. |
Outro |
|---|
| Feyza: Definitely! And please check the lesson notes for further details. |
| Gabriella: Phew, we made it to the end of a very intensive lesson with a strong grammar focus. |
| Feyza: Listeners, thank you very much for your attention and we’ll see you in our next lesson! |
| Gabriella: Bye everyone! |
| Feyza: Hoşçakalın! |
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