Dialogue

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Vocabulary (Review)

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Eric: Hi everyone, and welcome back to TurkishClass101.com. This is Beginner Season 1 Lesson 13 - How Much Should You Tip in Turkey? Eric here.
Elif: Selam. I'm Elif.
Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to talk about paying a check at a restaurant and decide on the tip. The conversation takes place at a restaurant.
Elif: It's between Zeynep and Ahmet.
Eric: The speakers are friends, so they’ll use informal Turkish. Okay, let's listen to the conversation.
DIALOGUE
Zeynep: Hesaba bir bakabilir miyim?
Ahmet: Tabii. 90 (doksan) lira gelmiş.
Zeynep: Herkes yediğini mi ödesin yoksa bölüşelim mi?
Ahmet: Yarı yarıya bölüşelim bence.
Zeynep: Tamam. Ben benimkini kredi kartından çektireceğim zaten.
Ahmet: Ben nakit vereceğim. Bahşişi de bırakırım.
Zeynep: Aa sağol.
Ahmet: Ne demek. Beş lira yeter herhalde.
Zeynep: Tabii, servis yavaştı zaten.
Eric: Listen to the conversation one time slowly.
Zeynep: Hesaba bir bakabilir miyim?
Ahmet: Tabii. 90 (doksan) lira gelmiş.
Zeynep: Herkes yediğini mi ödesin yoksa bölüşelim mi?
Ahmet: Yarı yarıya bölüşelim bence.
Zeynep: Tamam. Ben benimkini kredi kartından çektireceğim zaten.
Ahmet: Ben nakit vereceğim. Bahşişi de bırakırım.
Zeynep: Aa sağol.
Ahmet: Ne demek. Beş lira yeter herhalde.
Zeynep: Tabii, servis yavaştı zaten.
Eric: Listen to the conversation with the English translation.
Zeynep: May I have a look at the check?
Ahmet: Of course. It's ninety liras.
Zeynep: Should we pay only for what we ate or split the check?
Ahmet: In my opinion, let's split the check in half.
Zeynep: OK. I’ll pay my part with a credit card anyway.
Ahmet: I’ll pay in cash. I’ll also give the tip.
Zeynep: Oh, thanks.
Ahmet: No problem. Five liras should be enough.
Zeynep: Sure, service was slow anyway.
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Eric: Elif, is it common to leave a tip in Turkey?
Elif: Tipping is a regular occurrence in Turkey; some people even take tipping as a challenge to prove their material worth at social events.
Eric: What’s the average tip?
Elif: Good service should be rewarded with tips amounting to 15% of the total price, standard service should be given a 5 TL note if the total is under 100 TL, and horrible service doesn’t need to be tipped, of course.
Eric: Are restaurants the only place where we could be asked for a tip in Turkey?
Elif: No, staff at cafes, hotels, hammams, valet services, deliveries, plumbers, building janitors and even Ramazan davulcusu, the drummer that wakes everyone up for fasting during Ramadan, are also common recipients of tips.
Eric: That’s good to know.
Elif: Here’s an expression which may come in handy: Kolay gelsin.
Eric: … meaning "Good luck with that."
Elif: This should be said with a slight smile to people who are working or cleaning up to wish them luck with their work.
Eric: Okay, now onto the vocab.
VOCAB LIST
Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is..
Elif: hesap [natural native speed]
Eric: check, bill
Elif: hesap [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elif: hesap [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have..
Elif: bölüşmek [natural native speed]
Eric: to split
Elif: bölüşmek [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elif: bölüşmek [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have..
Elif: ödemek [natural native speed]
Eric: to pay
Elif: ödemek [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elif: ödemek [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have..
Elif: bence [natural native speed]
Eric: in my opinion
Elif: bence [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elif: bence [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have..
Elif: yoksa [natural native speed]
Eric: or
Elif: yoksa [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elif: yoksa [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have..
Elif: yarı [natural native speed]
Eric: half
Elif: yarı [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elif: yarı [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have..
Elif: çektirmek [natural native speed]
Eric: to pay by
Elif: çektirmek [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elif: çektirmek [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have..
Elif: yetmek [natural native speed]
Eric: to be enough
Elif: yetmek [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elif: yetmek [natural native speed]
Eric: Next we have..
Elif: bahşiş [natural native speed]
Eric: tip
Elif: bahşiş [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elif: bahşiş [natural native speed]
Eric: And last..
Elif: servis [natural native speed]
Eric: service
Elif: servis [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Elif: servis [natural native speed]
KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES
Eric: Let's have a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is..
Elif: karttan çektirmek
Eric: ...meaning "to pay by card."
Elif: Karttan is the combination of kart meaning "card" and the -tan suffix meaning "by." Çektirmek is the causative form of çekmek,
Eric: ...which means "to withdraw." This phrase is very useful when there are different payment methods and you want to pay with your card.
Elif: In the main cities, most restaurants, shops, and bars now accept debit and credit cards, so it's widely used. Here’s an example – Karttan çektirince indirim yapıyorlar.
Eric: ..which means "They give you a discount if you pay with card."
Elif: Karttan ödemek has the same meaning and it may replace karttan çektirmek in stores or offices for all kinds of transactions.
Eric: Okay, what's the next phrase?
Elif: nakit vermek
Eric: ...meaning "to pay with cash."
Elif: Breaking it down, "cash" is nakit in Turkish and vermek means "to give."
Eric: The most common method of payment at stores and restaurants is cash, so be prepared to hear it in situations where a payment is to be made.
Elif: For example, you can say.. Ayakkabının parasını kuzenim nakit verecek.
Eric: .. which means "My cousin will pay for the shoes with cash."
Elif: Just like karttan çektirmek, nakit vermek can be replaced with nakit ödemek, which has the same meaning as nakit vermek, although the verb ödemek, meaning "to pay," is a bit more commonly used. If there are no other payment options available, just ödemek is used instead of nakit vermek.
Eric: Okay, what's the next phrase?
Elif: bahşiş bırakmak
Eric: ...meaning "to leave a tip."
Elif: Bahşiş means "tip" and bırakmak is "to leave," and pay attention to the fact that in this phrase bahşiş doesn't have the -i suffix, which has an objectifying purpose.
Eric: This phrase is used where a tip is in question, such as a restaurant, a cab, at a hair salon, with bellboys in a hotel, pizza delivery, and so on. Aside from contexts where a tip is concerned, this is a rarely used phrase.
Elif: Here’s an example: Türkiye'de yüzde 15 (on beş) bahşiş bırakmak yaygındır.
Eric: .. which means "It's common to leave a 15% tip in Turkey. "
Eric: Okay, now onto the lesson focus.

Lesson focus
Eric: In this lesson, you'll learn how to talk about paying a check at a restaurant and decide on the tip. More specifically, we’ll see reciprocal verbs and relative pronouns.
Elif: Starting with the reciprocal verbs, in the dialogue we had: Herkes yediğini mi ödesin yoksa bölüşelim mi?,
Eric: ...meaning “Should we pay only for what we ate or split the check?”
Elif: To break apart the sentence, herkes, meaning “everyone,” is the subject of the first part of the sentence, together with yediğini,
Eric: literally meaning “what has been eaten by him or her,” as the object
Elif: and ödesin,
Eric: ... meaning “he or she should pay,” as the verb.
Elif: The second part has the unwritten subject biz, meaning “we,” implied by the reciprocal verb bölüşelim, meaning “let’s split.” The question words mi’s and the conjunction word yoksa, meaning “or,” tie the parts of the sentence together.
Eric: There are verbs where the action is carried out by more than one person together at the same time in a mutual sense.
Elif: Right, in this case we had bölüşelim. Reciprocal verbs are called işteş fiil in Turkish.
Eric: How are they formed?
Elif: These verbs follow a simple formulation – the -iş suffix is added to the verb stem. Keep in mind that the -iş suffix can become -uş, -üş, -aş or -eş depending on the vowel harmony rule.
Eric: Can you give us some examples?
Elif: kes-mek
Eric: "to cut"
Elif: It becomes kesiş-mek.
Eric: “to intersect”
Elif: vur-mak
Eric: "to hit"
Elif: It becomes vur-uş-mak.
Eric: "to battle." The reciprocal verbs can be grouped into three categories. The first group is verbs in which the action is carried out mutually. The second group is verbs in which the action is done together by the subjects, and the third and last one is verbs in which the action conveys equality in terms of quality. Elif, can you show us the first group?
Elif: Looking again at the verbs in the dialogue, here’s another sentence: Ahmet ile Zeynep hesabı bölüştüler.
Eric: ...meaning "Ahmet and Zeynep split the check."
Elif: The subjects of this sentence are Ahmet and Zeynep. They have split the check; this is a mutual interaction that took place in the past. So, the verb is the past tense conjugation of bölüşmek, bölüştüler.
Eric: The act of "splitting the check" can be performed only by multiple subjects at the same time and in a mutual sense. What are some further examples?
Elif: buluşmak
Eric: "to meet"
Elif: boğuşmak
Eric: "to struggle against each other"
Elif: sözleşmek
Eric: "to promise each other". Ok, let’s take a look at the relative pronouns.
Elif: Thanks to the -ki suffix, it’s possible to combine an object and the subject that possesses it into genitive case. For example, benimki is made of ben, im and ki
Eric: it means “mine” or literally “the thing that belongs to me.”
Elif: Similarly, we have seninki,
Eric: “yours” or “the thing that belongs to you.”
Elif: Normal nouns can be paired with -ki as well, for example, Kardeşimin defteri burada ama ablamınki kayboldu.
Eric: “My brother’s notebook is here, but my sister’s is lost.”
Elif: Although defter, meaning “notebook,” isn’t written in the second part of the sentence, it’s still the implied subject that is doing the action of being lost. Thus, ablamınki can be called a relative pronoun.
Eric: Can you give us another example?
Elif: Kedinin kuyruğu uzun, tavşanınkisi kısadır.
Eric: “A cat’s tail is long, a rabbit’s is short.”
Elif: Babamınki ikinci el.
Eric: “The thing belonging to my father is second hand.” Ok, let’s wrap up this lesson by looking at the usage of two specific conjugations.
Elif: Which are yoksa and zaten. Although yoksa has the literal meaning “if it doesn’t exist,” this conditional conjunction is used as "or" in questions. Yoksa informs us of an alternative option, as in the dialogue- Herkes yediğini mi ödesin yoksa bölüşelim mi?
Eric: “Should we pay only for what we ate, or split the check?”
Elif: A simpler example would be Dondurma mı yoksa kek mi istersin?
Eric: “Would you like ice cream or cake?” When this conjunction is used in non-question sentences, it implies conditionality.
Elif: For example, Ödevini yap, yoksa TV izleyemezsin.
Eric: “Do your homework or you can’t watch TV.” Ok, let’s wrap up this lesson with a couple of sample sentences.
Elif: Sadece nakit geçerlidir.
Eric: "Only cash is accepted."
Elif: Hesabı ayrı alabilir miyiz?
Eric: "Could we get separate checks?"

Outro
Eric: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye!
Elif: Hoşçakalın.

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