Learn how to ask questions using "which" and "is it"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Brandon: Hi everyone! Welcome to TurkishClass101.com. This is Lower Beginner, Season 1, Lesson 4: “Don't Forget To Do Your Turkish Homework!” I’m Brandon. |
| Feyza: Merhaba. I'm Feyza. |
| Brandon: Feyza, what are we going to learn in this lesson? |
| Feyza: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to ask questions in Turkish. |
| Brandon: This conversation takes place in Asu's classroom. She instructs her students to open their books to a specific chapter. |
| Feyza: And the conversation is between the teacher, Asu, and her student, Serhat. |
| Brandon: Since the speakers have a teacher-student relationship, their conversation is formal. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| Asu: Kitaplarınızda dördüncü bölümü açın. |
| Serhat: Hangi sayfa? |
| Asu: Ödeviniz sayfa 102. Birden ona kadar. |
| Serhat: Perşembeye mi yapılacak? |
| Asu: Evet ve Cuma bir sınav olacak. |
| Brandon: Let’s listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| Asu: Kitaplarınızda dördüncü bölümü açın. |
| Serhat: Hangi sayfa? |
| Asu: Ödeviniz sayfa 102. Birden ona kadar. |
| Serhat: Perşembeye mi yapılacak? |
| Asu: Evet ve Cuma bir sınav olacak. |
| Brandon: Now, let’s listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Asu: Students, open your books to Chapter Four. |
| Serhat: Which page? |
| Asu: Page 102 is your homework. Numbers one through ten. |
| Serhat: Is it due on Thursday? |
| Asu: Yes, and there will be a test on Friday. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Brandon: When I was growing up, I didn’t mind being a student, but I hated taking tests! What’s it like to be a student in Turkey? |
| Feyza: It’s not too different, but showing respect to teachers is an important custom in Turkish school life. |
| Brandon: I’ve been told that students stand up to greet their teachers at the beginning of each lesson. Is this to show respect? |
| Feyza: Yes, it is. Different lessons have different teachers, so the students will stand up each time a new teacher arrives. |
| Brandon: How do they greet their teachers? |
| Feyza: In elementary schools, students show respect by saying, günaydın Öğretmenim, meaning, “Good morning, my teacher.” In elementary schools, students refer to their teachers as Öğretmenim, and hold up their index fingers when they want to speak in class. |
| Brandon: What about older students? |
| Feyza: In high school, students usually refer to their teachers by their names accompanied with hoca, a noun meaning “master” or “teacher.” |
| Brandon: That sounds very polite! Okay, now on to the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Brandon: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| Brandon: The first word is... |
| Feyza: ...kitap. [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: “Book.” |
| Feyza: Kitap. [slowly - broken down by syllable] Kitap. [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: Next we have... |
| Feyza: ...dördüncü. [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: “Fourth.” |
| Feyza: Dördüncü. [slowly - broken down by syllable] Dördüncü. [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: Our next word is... |
| Feyza: ...bölüm. [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: “Chapter, episode, or section.” |
| Feyza: Bölüm. [slowly - broken down by syllable] Bölüm. [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: Next... |
| Feyza: ...hangi. [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: “Which.” |
| Feyza: Hangi. [slowly - broken down by syllable] Hangi. [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: Next we have... |
| Feyza: ...sayfa. [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: “Page” or “a piece of paper.” |
| Feyza: Sayfa. [slowly - broken down by syllable] Sayfa. [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: Our next word is... |
| Feyza: ...perşembe. [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: “Thursday.” |
| Feyza: Perşembe. [slowly - broken down by syllable] Perşembe. [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: Next... |
| Feyza: ...cuma. [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: “Friday.” |
| Feyza: Cuma. [slowly - broken down by syllable] Cuma. [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: Last we have... |
| Feyza: ...sınav. [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: “Quiz.” |
| Feyza: Sınav. [slowly - broken down by syllable] Sınav. [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Brandon: Let's have a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Feyza: ...açmak. |
| Brandon: Meaning "to open." What’s the root word of this verb? |
| Feyza: The root is aç, which means “to open.” It can also mean “to uncover,” “to turn on,” or “to fade.” |
| Brandon: Can you give us a sample sentence? |
| Feyza: Sure. O pencereyi aç. |
| Brandon: “Open that window.” So in this sentence, the verb means “to open,” right? |
| Feyza: Right, but it can be used with another meaning. For example, lütfen Televizyonu aç. |
| Brandon: “Turn on the television please.” Here, the verb means “to turn on.” |
| Feyza: Yes, and you can even use the same verb to mean two different things in the same sentence. For example, kapıyı ve televizyonu açar mısın? |
| Brandon: Meaning, "Can you open the door and turn on the television?" Okay, next we have... |
| Feyza: ...sınav olmak. |
| Brandon: Meaning "to take an exam." |
| Feyza: Olmak is an auxiliary verb meaning “to be” or “become.” It can also mean “to happen” or “occur.” Thus, the key phrase literally means "the exam exists," or “to be an exam.” |
| Brandon: So, it’s as if to say “the exam has happened in my life.” Is this a common phrase? |
| Feyza: Yes, you'll hear this phrase often from your Turkish teacher, or will use it often when you’re learning Turkish. For example, you can say, bugün zor bir sınav olduk, |
| Brandon: Meaning, "We took a difficult test today." Literally, the sentence means, "Today, there was a difficult exam." Okay, now on to the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
| Brandon: In this lesson, you'll learn about asking questions using "which" and "is it." |
| Feyza: You can ask a question in Turkish in several ways. And in this lesson, we’ll focus on interrogative sentences formed with question pronouns, then yes or no questions with the -mı suffix. |
| Brandon: Okay, let's go over the question pronouns. I’ll give the English translation, and Feyza will give you the Turkish pronoun. The first one is “who.” |
| Feyza: In Turkish, it’s kim. |
| Brandon: “Which.” |
| Feyza: Hangi. |
| Brandon: “When.” |
| Feyza: Ne zaman. |
| Brandon: “What.” |
| Feyza: Ne. |
| Brandon: “Why.” |
| Feyza: Neden or niçin. |
| Brandon: Now, let’s learn how to make a sentence using the word “which.” In Turkish that was...? |
| Feyza: Hangi. When you form a question using hangi, put the word at the beginning of the sentence, and then add the name of the item about which you’re inquiring. |
| Brandon: Can you give us some examples? |
| Feyza: Sure. Hangi elbise daha güzel? |
| Brandon: ''Which dress is more beautiful?'' |
| Feyza: Here, we put the word hangi meaning “which” before the noun elbise meaning “dress.” |
| Brandon: Can we have one more example? |
| Feyza: Hangi kapı açık? |
| Brandon: ''Which door is open?” Again, “which” comes before the noun. Okay, Feyza, then how do we ask yes or no questions in Turkish? |
| Feyza: To form these questions, you need to add a question suffix at the end of the sentence. The question suffixes are -mı, -mi, -mu, or -mü. You'll need to choose the right suffix according to the vowel harmony rules. |
| Brandon: Let’s go over the rules now, and then we’ll go over some examples. Listeners, you can find a list of these rules in the Lesson Notes. |
| Feyza: Okay, here are the rules: mı comes after ı, a. Mi comes after i, e. Mu comes after u, o. Mü comes after ü, ö. Just look at the vowels, and then add the right suffix. |
| Brandon: Now, can you give us an example? |
| Feya: Sure. When you want to ask if the window is open, you can say, pencere açık mı? In this sentence, we have the word pencere, meaning "window," and the verb açık, meaning "to open." |
| Brandon: Which suffix did you choose? |
| Feyza: We added mı to make it a yes or no question. We use mı because açık has the vowel ı. |
| Brandon: Once you master the vowel harmony rules, forming yes or no questions will be very easy. Can you give us one more example? |
| Feyza: Sure. Okudun mu? |
| Brandon: Meaning, ''Did you read?'' |
| Feyza: Here, the verb ends with u, so I added mu at the end to form the question. |
| Brandon: Listeners, check out the Lesson Notes for more sample sentences. |
Outro |
| Brandon: Thank you for listening, everyone. See you next time! |
| Feyza: Görüşürüz. |
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